Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful vibrational spectroscopic technique that allows highly sensitive structural detection of low concentration analytes. It has been widely used in various fields, such as surface science, material analysis, biology, medicine, food safety, environmental monitoring and so on. Our group is committed to using SERS technique to rapidly detect the trace substances in real systems, especially by portable Raman spectrometer. By using SERE technique, we have achieved the detection of pesticide residues in food, the antibiotics in aquatic products, drugs in body fluids, and so on. We are also working on the rapid and quantitative determination of these trace substances using portable Raman spectrometer. These studies would greatly broaden the applications of SERS and also promote its development in the future.